A recent lettuce recall in 29 states happened because the tainted romaine could potentially cause salmonella, a bacterial infection. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in rare cases, salmonella can get in a person's blood stream and be severe enough that a person develops an illness called Reiter's syndrome. That disease can last for a long time and lead to chronic arthritis. It's just one of the reasons you should be sure and get medical attention early if you begin noticing symptoms of salmonella poisoning.